Overview
There is a wealth of studies into 360 degree feedback (also referred to as multi-source feedback or assessment, or multi-rater feedback), the majority of the studies have been published in the US, but the UK ranks second in number of articles from the healthcare perspective. There has been a steady rise in articles published since the early 1970s with a peak of 33 articles in 2010 and 28 articles in 2014 in the healthcare literature. My desk research has found key literature by Maury Peiperl, currently Pro-Vice-Chancellor and Director of Cranfield School of Management (https://www.cranfield.ac.uk/About/People-and-Resources/Senior-team/senior-management/Professor-Maury-Peiperl) , Leanne Atwater (Professor of Management, University of Houston ), Joan Brett (Associate Dean, Arizona State University), and Kenneth Nowack (private practice psychologist and guest lecturer at the Anderson School of Management, University of California Los Angeles) . A review focusing on research since 2000 was conducted Craig and Hannum in 2006 in Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/2006-07773-005 , and there have been various books (and chapters in books) such as Leveraging the Impact of 360-degree Feedback, by Fleenor JW, Taylor S, and Chappelow, C in 2008. An article by Hansel R et al (2010) looks at the number of raters needed for achieving reliable feedback results , whilst differing design features of 360 degree feedback are covered in the article by Bracken and Rose (2011). Consulting Psychology Journal, T and D, and Leadership Quarterly have published the most number of articles on 360 degree feedback but the Training Journal, Nursing Management, People and Strategy, and Journal of Management Development have also all had recent articles on 360 degree feedback, highlighting need for awareness briefings, coaching support during the report debriefing process , and follow-up action plans. There is ongoing debate about the role of 360 degree feedback as a personal development tool versus its use in performance appraisals.
The NHS Thames Valley and Wessex Leadership Academy’s Healthcare Leadership Model 360 degree feedback tool is here
The Faculty of Medical Leadership and Management’s 360 degree feedback tool specifically for doctors at all career stages is here
Equiniti 360 Clinical’s 360⁰ feedback system has been developed in partnership with The Royal College of Physicians, Guy’s and St Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust and meets the standards set out by the General Medical Council.
The annual CCG 360-degree stakeholder survey will be conducted in early 2016.
Please see below for a selection of articles
Do 360–degree Feedback Survey Results Relate to Patient Satisfaction Measures? (open access)
Hageman MGJS et al
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research , Volume 473, Issue 5, 1 May 2015, Pages 1590-1597
At the crux of dyadic leadership: Self-other agreement of leaders and direct reports – Analyzing 360–degree feedback
Markham SE et al
Leadership Quarterly (Article in press)
Leader personality and 360–degree assessments of leader behavior
Bergman D et al
Scandinavian Journal of Psychology,Volume 55, Issue 4, August 2014, Pages 389-397
Perceptions of women and men leaders following 360–degree feedback evaluations
Pfaff, LA et al
Performance Improvement Quarterly
Volume 26, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 35-56
Evidence-based answers to 15 questions about leveraging 360-degree feedback
Nowack, KM and Mashihi, S
Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, Vol 64(3), Sep 2012, 157-182
360 degree feedback: how many raters are needed for reliable ratings on the capacity to develop competences, with personal qualities as developmental goals?
Hansel R et al
The International Journal of Human Resource Management. Volume 21, Issue 15, 2010
When Does 360-degree feedback create behavior change? And how would we know it when it does?
Bracken D W and Rose D S
Journal of Business and Psychology (2011) 26:183–192
Getting 360 ° feedback right
Peiperl, Maury A
Harvard Business Review, 2001, Vol 79, issue 1, p142-147
360º feedback: a critical enquiry
Morgan, A, Cannan, K and Cullinane, J
Personnel Review, 2005, Vol 34, issue 6, p663-680
360 degree feedback: a review of literature
Mohapatra, M
International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, Jan 2015, Volume 2, issue 1, p 112-116
Multisource or 360 degree feedback
Moss, S
Psychopedia, 2010, webpage, overview
Using Multisource Feedback to Develop Leaders: Applying Theory and Research to Improve Practice (link to abstract, open access, click on PDF to get free full text )
Hezlett, S A
Advances in Developing Human Resources October 2008 vol. 10 no. 5703-720
How 360 degree feedback practices create positive or negative participant perceptions of the process
Morison, P
Dissertation submitted to University of Brighton, UK, 2011
Executive extra: Leadership at 360 (open access article)
Reistroffer, C , Van Driel, MK and Barry, J
Nursing Management, 2013, Vol 44, issue 12, p47-51
Taking the burn out of the 360º hot seat
Levine, M
T and D, 2010, Vol 64, issue 8, p40-45
The reliability, validity, and feasibility of multisource feedback physician assessment: A systematic review
Donnon T et al
Academic Medicine, 2014, Vol 89, issue 3, p511-516